This spectacular computer image was produced in 1993 at IBM's Almaden Research Center in California. The 48 peaks forming the circles which is about 14 nm in diameter mark the positions of individual atoms of iron on a specially prepared copper surface. The circle is called a quantum corral. Why is it so called? What are the ripples that are trapped within the corral?



QUANTUM NATURE

Content

  • Quantum wavefunctions
  • The Wonderful Quantum World
  • Physical Reality
  • Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter
  • Biochemistry: The Molecular Nature of Life
  • Organic Chemistry: A Quantum Viewpoint

  • "Our imagination is stretched to the utmost, not, as in fiction, to imagine things which are not really there, but just to comprehend those things which are there."
    -Richard Feynman-

    Thursday, November 26, 2009

    The Wave Nature of The Particulate World


     
    "An atom only appears in a particular place if we measure it. In other words, an atom is spreaded out all over the place until we decide to "look" at it."


    The Universe is nothing but in fact a large collection of elementary particles. But an elementary particle is actually not a tiny marble or a material point in space but something non-local and spreading out in the whole universe that we can call a "wave"...


    The picture painted by orthodox quantum mechanics is of a particulate world (classical view-point), with all matter made of and interacting with discrete particles; however, these particles are described by a "wavefunction" giving information about probabilities of finding particles in a particular state (e.g. a well-defined position or a specific momentum). In principle, all of physics could be reduced to the calculations of these probability amplitude waves. This is known as the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. But still there are some other interpretation.
    My world-view is deeply affected by the out-of-date interpretation of Erwin Schrodinger who was one of the founders of  quantum mechanics. Inspite of his great contributions to quantum mechanics, this man did not accept the particulate picture of Copenhagen theoreticians. Schrodinger strongly objected it. Instead, he proposed a pure wave picture (some unknown kind of wave) to explain the theory. He always believed that: "What we observe as material bodies and forces are nothing but shapes and variations in the structure of space. Particles are just appearances."
    That is, particles are not in space, but they are spatially extended. According to this picture, the wavefunction is real. It is not just a mathematical tool to describe the behavior of the so-called particle, but the particle itself in its real form of existence! In this way the concept of ''empty space'' loses its meaning and the concept of ''particle'' can only be understood as an infinitely sharp wave which is produced by the collapse of the extended wave by measurement processes. Only when interacting with a detector, the real wave collapses and turns into a particle. Thus the particle in its particulate form only appears in the interaction with something else (such as in the collision with another particle). Our perception of the particle will only occur when we perform an experiment to find it somewhere in space. 



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